Banh Chung: The timeless symbol of Vietnam’s Lunar New Year

Banh chung (Vietnamese sticky rice cake) is a traditional dish eaten during Tet (Vietnamese Lunar New Year). (Source: Bach Hoa Xanh)

More than a festive dish, it represents heritage, culture, and the gifts of nature that have shaped Vietnamese life for generations. Remembering banh chung is, for many, the same as remembering Tet itself – the ancestral tradition and the warmth of family reunion each spring.

Watching the pot of banh chung is a cherished pastime for children whenever the Lunar New Year arrives. (Photo: VNA)

The taste of Tet and memories of togetherness

Square in shape and wrapped in green dong (Stachyphrynium placentarium) leaves, banh chung is made from glutinous rice, yellow mung beans and pork. The harmony of colours evokes the earth, vegetation and abundance. Traditionally, the square form symbolises the earth and expresses hopes for favourable weather and good harvests in the coming year. The cake, therefore, carries not only culinary value but also deep spiritual meaning.

In the final days of the year, as Tet approaches, families across Vietnam gather to make the cakes together – a cherished memory shared by many generations. Some wash leaves, others rinse rice or prepare the filling, while children watch eagerly as adults fold the leaves into neat squares. The cakes are boiled overnight, and the long hours of waiting often become moments for storytelling, laughter and bonding. The pot of banh chung warms not only with the aroma of newly harvested rice but also with the warmth of family connection.

Today, modern lifestyles mean many families choose to buy ready-made cakes rather than prepare them at home. Nevertheless, the cultural value of banh chung remains unchanged. Whether handmade or commercially produced, the cake retains its familiar flavour, one that evokes home and reunion.

The day of wrapping banh chưng is always the most eagerly anticipated occasion for the Vietnamese community in South Africa. (Photo: VNA)

Keeping Tet alive far from home

Beyond Vietnam’s borders, banh chung continues to accompany Vietnamese communities around the world. Cake-making gatherings overseas often become small cultural festivals for expatriate communities.

Thousands of kilometres from home in Pretoria, South Africa, Vietnamese keep Tet traditions alive by making green square cakes, symbolising harmony, reunion, and prosperity.

On cake-making day, the shared kitchen of the Vietnamese Embassy in South Africa fills with laughter and conversation. Embassy staff, along with colleagues from the Defence Attaché Office, the Trade Office and the Vietnam News Agency, gather to prepare banh chung for the community’s Tet celebration.

Thuy Nga, the spouse of a Vietnamese diplomat in South Africa, said: “For me, making banh chung in South Africa is not just cooking; it is how we embrace our roots and preserve the soul of the homeland in the southern hemisphere. Each cake is a reminder that our homeland lives on in every grain of rice, every bamboo string and every shared smile,” she said.

When the cakes are finally lifted from the pot, their fragrance spreading through the air, everyone senses that Tet has truly arrived. No matter how far from home, as long as traditions are preserved and communities stay connected, the homeland remains present, in every slice of banh chung infused with the taste of Tet.

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