Gvt Decision on approving Action Plan for methane emissions reduction by 2030
WVR - The Decision No. 942/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Le Van Thanh on August 5, 2022 on approving action plan for methane emissions reduction sets the goal of reducing overall methane emissions by at least 30% below 2020 level by 2030.
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| The Decision No. 942/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Le Van Thanh on August 5, 2022 on approving action plan for methane emissions reduction sets the goal of reducing overall methane emissions by at least 30% below 2020 level by 2030. (Photo: Tap chi tai chinh) |
The action plan targets methane emissions in cultivation, animal husbandry, solid waste management, waste water treatment, oil and gas exploitation, coal mining and fossil fuel consumption.
Total methane emission volume should not exceed 96.4 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2025, down 13.34% from 2020.
Specifically, methane emissions in cultivation should be kept under 42.2 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent, under 16.8 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in animal husbandry, under 21.9 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in solid waste management and waste water treatment, under 10.6 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in oil and gas exploitation, under 3.5 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in coal mining, and under 1.3 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in fossil fuel consumption.
By 2030, overall methane emissions are expected to not exceed 77.9 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent, or to reduce by at least 30% below 2020 level. In which, methane emissions, are kept under 30.7 metric tons of CO2 equivalent from cultivation, under 15.2 metric tons CO2 equivalent from animal husbandry, under 17.5 metric tons of CO2 equivalent from solid waste management and wastewater treatment, under 8.1 metric tons of CO2 equivalent from oil and gas extraction, under 2.0 metric tons of CO2 equivalent from coal mining, and under 0.8 metric tons of CO2 equivalent from fossil fuel consumption.
Measures for reducing methane emissions from cultivation and animal husbandry including making investment in small-scale and inter-field irrigation works or facilities that meet advanced, modern, synchronous and developing the rotational rice – shrimp farming model and convert from flooded rice paddy to upland crops with higher economic efficiency in conformity with specific conditions of each province; adjusting crop structure, farming seasons, processes and techniques in order to improve economic efficiency and reduce methane emissions.
It also includes terminating burning of agricultural waste and by-products by means of innovation and development in a large scale processes and technologies for collection, classification, treatment, recycling, circulating and repurposing of agricultural waste and by-products in order to enhance economic values, convert from carbon stored in plant biomass to sustainable carbon and clean energy, and increase soil-based carbon sequestration and thus reduce methane emissions
Changing, improving and using appropriate preparations in food serving sizes in order to increase productivity and economic values in livestock breeding and reduce methane emissions; carrying out crossbreeding and improve domestic livestock breeds using foreign high-yielding breeds in order to improve productivity and efficiency in animal husbandry; effectively developing biogas model and apply technologies to production of organic fertilizers using waste from animal husbandry; recovering and using methane emissions generated from breeding waste treatment for livestock breeding and electricity generation.
Measures for reducing methane emissions from waste management and wastewater treatment are as followed:
- Formulate, revise and synchronously apply processes, regulations, guidelines and models for collection, transport, classification, reuse, recycling and treatment of solid waste; include contents of regional and provincial waste management plans in national master plans for environmental protection, regional and provincial master plans.
- Build and upgrade infrastructure facilities, and make investment in equipment to meet solid waste classification, collection, storage, reuse, recycling, transport and treatment requirements in accordance with regulations of law and in conformity with specific characteristics of residential areas, urban areas and rural areas as well as natural, socioeconomic conditions of each province.
- Select and widely apply advanced and modern waste treatment technologies; technologies for waste treatment associated with energy recovery, compost production, production of pellet fuels, landfill methane recovery, and waste-to-energy generation; technologies for recovery of methane emissions from industrial wastewater treatment; biotechnologies for removing methane from domestic wastewater treatment; effectively treat sewage sludge from concentrated wastewater treatment plants adopting anaerobic digestion method associated with methane recovery.
- Minimize discharge of waste into the environment in order to reduce methane emissions by means of development of biomass energy, waste-to-energy generation, organic fertilizer production and consumption of recycled and reusable products.
Measures for reducing methane emissions from oil and gas extraction and processing, coal mining and fossil fuel consumption includes:
- Formulating and promulgating mechanisms and policies for encouraging activities to collect associated gas from oil extraction operations, especially small-scale and marginal oil fields.
- Investing in installation of incident detection equipment and implement measures for preventing and remedying leaks during petroleum exploration and extraction; installation of equipment to recover associated gas and methane from gas processing and petrochemical refining; upgrading and replacing old and obsolete equipment used in oil and gas extraction, supply and processing for reducing methane emissions.
- Studying and adopting drilling solutions for methane drainage and recovery before and during underground coal mining operations at new mine areas and expanded mine areas, and pilot such solutions at coal mining areas of Quang Ninh Province as the basis for assessment and application in a national scale.
- Investing in installation and operation of automatic systems for monitoring and management of energy consumption and energy-saving equipment in coal mining and processing technological lines.
- Using energy in a thrift and efficient manner, and promote the use of clean and renewable energy in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including methane emissions, by means of optimizing energy consumption in industrial processes, service provision, transport and other activities that use energy; renovating, upgrading and replacing obsolete equipment, technologies and vehicles that use a lot of energy.
It is also necessary to do scientific research and technological development, such as step up scientific research and technological development, as well as application of advanced technologies in order to improve productivity and efficiency in cultivation, animal husbandry, solid waste management, wastewater treatment, coal mining, oil and gas extraction, and fossil fuel consumption in industrial sectors, and thus reduce methane emissions;
Organize scientific research activities, apply and receive transfer of technologies used for emissions inventory, monitoring, evaluation and forecasting; recovery and efficient use of methane emissions in each economic sector or area;
Receive transfer of advanced technologies and high technologies to reduce methane emissions; focus on spreading of information on application of advanced technologies and high technologies from foreign-invested enterprises to domestic enterprises; promote innovation in reducing methane emissions;
Study on formulating national methane emissions factors which shall be used for inventory of greenhouse gas emissions from cultivation, animal husbandry, solid waste management and wastewater treatment, coal mining, oil and gas extraction and processing;
Study on application of digital transformation to monitoring and supervision of emissions, recovery and use of methane emissions from cultivation, animal husbandry, solid waste management and wastewater treatment, coal mining, oil and gas extraction and processing, and fossil fuel consumption.
In order to promote information dissemination, education and increase of capacity and awareness, we need to formulate and implement plans for dissemination of information and increase of awareness of enterprises and communities about responsibilities and benefits of methane emissions reduction; promote changes in consumer behavior and green production; burden enterprises and communities with responsibility for recyclable and reusable waste;
Carry out labeling and origin tracing for agricultural products, organic fertilizers, and recycled or reused products which are produced adopting low-methane technologies in order to increase their values, competitiveness and market access;
Provide training and activities to increase awareness of professional and managerial officials at all levels about methane emissions reduction; provide to farmers, through agricultural extension programs, training in efficiency and benefits of low-methane farming and breeding models, and methods for treatment of agricultural waste and by-products in order to reduce methane emissions;
Establish a system for exchange and sharing of information and experience in developing, transferring and applying methane emissions reduction technologies between provinces and industries.
It is also necessary to intensify bilateral and multilateral cooperation and mobilization of resources by attracting international resources and intensify cooperation in research and exchange of experience with foreign countries and international organizations in formulating and promulgating technical regulations and guidelines, and implementing methane emissions reduction;
Implementing programs and projects on international cooperation or cooperation between governments and enterprises, and among enterprises in investment in infrastructure facilities, financial support, technology transfer, and increase of capacity for reducing methane emissions from cultivation, animal husbandry, solid waste management and wastewater treatment, coal mining, oil and gas extraction, and fossil fuel consumption;
Supporting existing international methane emissions reduction initiatives; mobilize other countries to join the Global Methane Pledge.
To perform supervision and assessment tasks is also needed to consolidate and assess methane emissions reduction results nationwide.
(WVR)
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